{"id":580,"date":"2017-02-01T10:45:05","date_gmt":"2017-02-01T08:45:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/?p=580"},"modified":"2017-02-27T17:17:26","modified_gmt":"2017-02-27T15:17:26","slug":"turkiyede-konusulan-portekizce-ladino","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/2017\/02\/01\/turkiyede-konusulan-portekizce-ladino\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye’de konu\u015fulan Portekizce; Ladino"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"kadirga\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Portekizce\u2019nin yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lan bir dilin \u00fclkemizde de konu\u015fuldu\u011funu biliyor muydunuz?<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da ve \u00c7anakkale civar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Musevilerin konu\u015ftu\u011fu Ladino dilinin \u00fclkemize uzanan ser\u00fcveni 15. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

End\u00fcl\u00fcs Emevi Devleti ayn\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti gibi \u00e7ok uluslu ve \u00e7ok dilli, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre ve dine mensup insanlar\u0131n bir arada bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir devletti. End\u00fcl\u00fcs\u2019l\u00fcler \u00f6zellikle Museviler\u2019e ve Roma Hristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 reddeden Tek Tanr\u0131c\u0131 Hristiyanlara kucak a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fckleri topraklarda bar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde ya\u015famalar\u0131na, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini ve kimliklerini korumalar\u0131na m\u00fcsaade etmi\u015fti. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u00f6zg\u00fcr kalan bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrler \u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle de sentezlenerek daha da geli\u015ferek adeta \u00e7a\u011f atlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Reconkista hareketiyle End\u00fcl\u00fcs Emevi devletinin zay\u0131flay\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6kmesiyle, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sentez de zarar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, zorla Hristiyanl\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7meyi kabul etmeyen gerek M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, gerek Yahudiler ayn\u0131 kaderi payla\u015farak ya idam edilmi\u015flerdi ya da g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.\u00a0 Bu d\u00f6nemde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Osmanl\u0131 Topraklar\u0131na olmak \u00fczere g\u00f6\u00e7 eden Yahudilere Sefarad Yahudileri denmektedir.<\/p>\n

Portekiz Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n o d\u00f6nemdeki kral\u0131 olan Manuel 1497 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 4-14 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n vaftiz edilece\u011fini duyurmu\u015ftu. Bunun \u00fczerine krall\u0131kta ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm Yahudiler aileleriyle birlikte \u00fclkeden ka\u00e7may\u0131 planlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Bu y\u0131llarda tahtta olan Osmanl\u0131 Padi\u015fah\u0131 II. Bayezid, din dil \u0131rk ayr\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeden, zulme u\u011frayan t\u00fcm insanlara kucak a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Portekiz\u2019den ka\u00e7an bir\u00e7ok Yahudi, Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na, \u00c7anakkale, \u0130zmir, Selanik ve \u0130stanbul gibi kentlere yerle\u015fmi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n

\"haritasafarad\"<\/a>

Sefarad Yahudilerinin \u0130zledikleri G\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Topraklar\u0131na gelen Museviler, konu\u015ftuklar\u0131 Portekizce aksan\u0131na, Osmanl\u0131ca baz\u0131 kelimeleri ve deyimleri de ekleyerek g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Ladino olarak bilinen dilin olu\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015flard\u0131. Bu dile Yahudi \u0130spanyolcas\u0131 da denmektedir. Lakin s\u00f6z konusu tarihler zaten \u0130spanyolca ve Portekizce ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok belirgin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llard\u0131.<\/p>\n

40’l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonlar\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u00fcrkiye’de ya\u015fayan bu Sefarad Yahudilerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130srail’e g\u00f6\u00e7se de, \u0130stanbul ve \u0130zmir de halen Ladino konu\u015fan insanlar\u0131n bulunabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Ladino\u2019ya T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019den ge\u00e7en baz\u0131 kelimeler:<\/p>\n

kushak: ku\u015fak \u00a0kolay:kolay \u00a0 \u00a0karpus:karpuz \u00a0 maal\u00e9:mahalle \u00a0 saraf: zarraf \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 kuti:kutu \u00a0 \u00a0dolashear:dola\u015fmak \u00a0 \u00a0bozear:bozmak<\/p>\n

2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda Portekiz parlamentosu, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir kararla Sefarad Yahudilerine yeniden Portekiz vatanda\u015f\u0131 olma hakk\u0131 verilece\u011fini ilan etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7en bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde en fazla ba\u015fvuru 250 ba\u015fvurudan 133\u2019\u00fcyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r*. \u00dcstelik bu rakam T\u00fcrkiye’den ciddi oranda g\u00f6\u00e7 alarak kurulan \u0130srail\u2019de bile 55 ki\u015fide kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum Yahudilerin adeta bir Orta \u00c7a\u011f holokostundan\u00a0Osmanl\u0131 Devleti sayesinde kurtulduklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k bir g\u00f6stergesidir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: Portekiz Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Verileri<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Portekizce\u2019nin yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lan bir dilin \u00fclkemizde de konu\u015fuldu\u011funu biliyor muydunuz? \u0130zmir\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da ve \u00c7anakkale civar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Musevilerin konu\u015ftu\u011fu Ladino dilinin \u00fclkemize uzanan ser\u00fcveni 15. y\u00fczy\u0131la dayan\u0131r. End\u00fcl\u00fcs Emevi Devleti ayn\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 Devleti gibi \u00e7ok...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[52,48,51,50,49],"class_list":["post-580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur","tag-ii-bayezid","tag-ladino","tag-portekiz","tag-portekizce","tag-sefarad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=580"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/580\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":597,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/580\/revisions\/597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=580"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ibrahimaybek.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}